jackdaniel changed the topic of #lisp to: Common Lisp, the #1=(programmable . #1#) programming language | <http://cliki.net/> <https://irclog.tymoon.eu/freenode/%23lisp> <https://irclog.whitequark.org/lisp> <http://ccl.clozure.com/irc-logs/lisp/> | SBCL 1.5.4, CMUCL 21b, ECL 16.1.3, CCL 1.11.5, ABCL 1.5.0
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<equwal> Been looking for a CL math library. GSLL looked good, but has compiler errors.
<no-defun-allowed> What kind of maths?
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<pjb> equwal: you could use maxima.
<pjb> equwal: maxima mathematical functions can be used from lisp.
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<equwal> Think that is sufficient.
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<equwal> no-defun-allowed: CL lacks lots of basic functions it would be nice to have. Like today I wanted to compute some permutations, and had to write the code manually (when it could have been a library).
<pjb> Strange... (com.informatimago.clext.association::permutations '(1 2 3)) #| --> ((1 2 3) (2 1 3) (2 3 1) (1 3 2) (3 1 2) (3 2 1)) |#
<no-defun-allowed> There is alexandria:map-permutations at least.
<oni-on-ion> oops, disregard the #anchor
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<aeth> permutations would be pretty low on my 'nice to have built into a language' list, below regexp, and I rarely use regexp
<pjb> The uselessness of permutations comes from their exponential output (and compute time).
<aeth> yeah, elegant, simple math tends to be at odds with efficient computation.
<aeth> but when the hard algorithm for $thing is on Wikipedia and it's not that many lines (incomprehensible lines, but still not many lines)...
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<ebrasca> aeth: I think some day we can have some algorith optimizer for math functions.
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<beach> Good morning everyone!
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<loke> ebrasca: What would such algorithm do?
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<ebrasca> loke: For example replace (+ (* x x) (* x x) (* x x)) with (* 3 x x) or someting better.
<no-defun-allowed> I think most compilers will have optimisations for that kind of thing.
<aeth> except if the type is floating point or could be floating point
<aeth> well, some might optimize anyway, but that's overoptimizing
<no-defun-allowed> But apparently SBCL and Clozure do not? It seems fairly straightforward.
<no-defun-allowed> aeth: Ah yeah, we have to deal with floats.
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<aeth> and when they're not floats, you still get generic arithmetic unless you can bound the problem because they could become bignums
<no-defun-allowed> Eliding two of the three multiplications sounds reasonable though.
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<LdBeth> But why would anyone write such kind of code?
<LdBeth> Even auto generated code can avoid that easily
<loke> ebrasca: Maxima implements this
<loke> You have a simplifier function that takes an expression, and simplifies it, such as: ((MTIMES) x x) → ((MEXPT) x)
<loke> sorry ((MEXPT) x 2)
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<ebrasca> loke: Can maxima replace (loop :for i :from 1 :to 10 :sum i) with someting like (/ (* (+ 1 10) 10) 2) ?
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<no-defun-allowed> Maxima doesn't work on arbitrary CL code, and I don't think it has too many imperative constructs either.
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<ebrasca> I like to have optimizations like this.
<aeth> you'd want a separate macro for that because, well, once you go declarative you lose a lot of determinism. Changeg one thing and suddenly O(1) to O(n!)
<aeth> *Change
<aeth> Summation identities should be simple enough to put in a macro
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<loke> ebrasca: Yes
<loke> It also expands sum(1/x^2, x, 1, inf) to pi^6/6
<loke> pi^2/6
<no-defun-allowed> I tried sum(x, x, 1, n) and didn't get the identity or anything like that.
<loke> Since all Maxima equations are expressed as Lisp structures, you can easily use it programatically
<loke> no-defun-allowed: try this: sum(x, x, 1, n),simpsum
<loke> it returns (n^2+n)/2
<no-defun-allowed> Right then.
<aeth> This isn't particularly hard to program up. It can get messy later on but still... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summation#Identities
<aeth> And it's a "zero cost abstraction"
<aeth> (if you put it in a loop-like macro)
<aeth> iirc, I started doing something along those lines for my Project Euler solutions, but never cleaned it up enough to be useful
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<edgar-rft> Doesn't have Norvig in PAIP such a thing, where he tries to simplify math code?
<aeth> just summations is a simpler problem, unless that's what he did
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<aeth> the problem with rules is that you can never have enough rules in your system if you don't limit your scope
<aeth> before you know it, you're going to be saying "sure, I guess integrals are technically in the scope of a summation macro"
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<ebrasca> aeth: Do you think it is bad to optimize everiting automatically?
<edgar-rft> For infinite scope you'd need an infinite number of rules. There's always at least one case left. Same why one can't handle *all* real-world problems with laws. :-)
* ebrasca is thinking on some tipe of AI for optimizing code.
<aeth> ebrasca: two potential downsides: (1) compilation time or (2) too magical so you can't actually tell what's going on
<aeth> Machine Learning compiler optimizations would be the ultimate form of #2
<aeth> Other approaches will probably impact #1
<ebrasca> aeth: Are you sure about it? Why you can have easy to undestand and very good?
<edgar-rft> Let's use the Emacs spell-checker for optimizing our code. :-)
<aeth> I suppose the third downside is that you give up some dynamicness to be optimized. You can see this fairly directly what the currently-optimized CL looks like
<aeth> ebrasca: If we're going to use Emacs to optimize code, I'll only trust M-x doctor
<aeth> edgar-rft: ^
<aeth> ebrasca: afaik optimizations are, well, the goal of optimizations is to take something that's easy to understand and make it hard to understand, but faster, so that the source code is as simple as possible
<ebrasca> aeth: My undestanting is it is good idea to have AI optimized code.
<ebrasca> AI can optimize for architectures, hardware and other situations.
<aeth> The downside if you go too far is that it can be fragile. You wind up with a system you don't really understand and you can only hope to say the right magic words to make it run fast. SQL appears to me like a good example of this.
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<ebrasca> aeth: What about mixture of human and AI?
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<p_l> aeth: SQL is very much not such a system, mostly thanks to EXPLAIN and ANALYZE commands
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<p_l> but the distribution of the knowledge on them is pretty bad
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<p_l> (the joke goes that if you know how to use EXPLAIN there's a >$300k/year salary waiting for you)
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<phoe> morniiiing
<phoe> let us discuss (subtypep `(cons (satisfies foo) (satisfies foo2)) `(cons (not float) t))
<no-defun-allowed> Good morning ph -- oh
<phoe> on a fully conforming implementation without FOO or FOO2 defined, is NIL NIL the only valid result?
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<Josh_2> That's what SBCL does
<Josh_2> This one isn't as fun as the loop :finally discussion phoe xD
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<phoe> Josh_2: I don't ask about SBCL, I ask about the standard
<phoe> also let us not discuss LOOP FINALLY anymore
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<phoe> I am still sore after the last time
<ebrasca> phoe: Hi
<Josh_2> xD
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<phoe> ebrasca: hey
<ebrasca> phoe: Do you plan some metup?
<phoe> ebrasca: nope
<ebrasca> phoe: How are you going?
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<phoe> ebrasca: going where? or doing?
<phoe> I'm doing fine, enjoying some CCL hacking
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<ebrasca> phoe: Can I convince you to make some Mezzano hacking?
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<phoe> ebrasca: nope. I am already spending my time on fixing up another implementation.
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<ebrasca> phoe: My mother always told me I need to invest more stats in charisma
<phoe> ebrasca: your charisma is fine, it is me who has already found some occupation
<ebrasca> phoe: Some day I like to meet you in person again.
<phoe> minion: memo for Bike: we screwed up. CLHS SATISFIES describes the type specifier as: "denotes the set of all objects that satisfy the predicate predicate-name, which must be a symbol whose global function definition is a one-argument predicate."
<minion> Remembered. I'll tell Bike when he/she/it next speaks.
<phoe> so (subtypep '(cons (satisfies foo) ...) ...) is meaningless unless #'FOO is defined.
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<phoe> minion: memo for Bike: but a quick (defun foo (x) (declare (ignore x)) (= 1 (random 2))) and the same for foo2 bar bar2 fix that issue.
<minion> Remembered. I'll tell Bike when he/she/it next speaks.
<phoe> This also answers the question I had above - the consequences are undefined so the implementation can return anything or nothing.
<phoe> ebrasca: European Lisp Symposium next year is where I'll be, I'm also in Cracow all the time
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<phoe> OK - because of the above, I would request https://gitlab.common-lisp.net/ansi-test/ansi-test/merge_requests/30/diffs to be reviewed.
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<jackdaniel> good luck, I've heard that a maintainer is a very unresponsive person. first remark: add proper commit message, this does not tell me anything
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<phoe> OK
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<jdz> Isn't that a "flaky" test by definition?
<phoe> Yes, it is flaky by definition.
<phoe> CCL is overconfident about it though.
<phoe> As in, it replies with NIL T and that seems not true to me.
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<phoe> Because that means that CCL is true that t1 is NOT a subtype of t2.
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<phoe> And as far as I understand, whether t1 is a subtype of t2 depends on a series of coin flips at typechecking time - it might be a subtype, it might not.
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<jdz> Isn't there a constraint that the same type test for the same value should always return the same value?
<phoe> Hm. I remember something like that now that you mention it... Let me find it.
<phoe> SATISFIES does not mention it.
<phoe> The page for TYPEP also states: A type-specifier of the form (satisfies fn) is handled by applying the function fn to object.
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<phoe> It also doesn't make too much sense to me - if I have an object with a slot, I can define a SATISFIES type that checks whether the value in that slot is true or false. Naturally, this means that every time I mutate the value of that slot, the "cached" results for SATISFIES are no longer valid.
<jdz> I don't understand: how can you cache a result of SATISFIES test? What's the cache key?
<phoe> "<jdz> Isn't there a constraint that the same type test for the same value should always return the same value?"
<phoe> your question implies that caching is possible
<phoe> if the same value is always returned, then we can always cache it
<jdz> The same result of SATISFIES test for the same value; what' you're saying about the slots is that you're using a different value.
<phoe> no, not really
<phoe> I pass the same object to the predicate
<phoe> the same as in EQ
<phoe> it is the slots of that instance that are different
<phoe> (defvar *x* (make-instance 'x)) (slot-frobbed-p *x*) #| -> T |#
<phoe> (unfrob-slot *x*) (slot-frobbed-p *x* #| -> NIL |#
<phoe> uh I forgot a closing paren
<jdz> Well, if time is a parameter for a SATISFIES test, then I don't find such a type very useful :/
<phoe> but - what happens when you define a type (satisfies slot-frobbed-p)
<phoe> I know, right? SATISFIES types are basically runtime predicate calls
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<phoe> but - if there is such a constraint in the spec, then please do let me know
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<phoe> jackdaniel: added, sorry about the lack of commit message.
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<phoe> minion: memo for Bike: OK, here is the first rough draft of my range-merging hack. https://plaster.tymoon.eu/view/1557#1557 Works on CCL, should work on SBCL with minor modifications.
<minion> Remembered. I'll tell Bike when he/she/it next speaks.
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<phoe> In theory we could skip the whole checking if there any neighboring ctypes and just go straight for trying to find the exclusive points. I'll add that simplified version in the first annotation.
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<phoe> jackdaniel: I screwed up. I did not format the comment that I inserted properly and I did not re-test the build after inserting the comment.
* jackdaniel tries to look unsuspiciously and pretend that he didn't merge a broken commit.
<phoe> no, I fucked up here - it's silly to blame the maintainer
<jackdaniel> that's why I look unsuspiciously of course
<phoe> (:
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<jackdaniel> truth to be told mere illusion of someone looking into things creates a backpressure to "make things right"; I'm not saying it is an illusion in this case of course
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<pfdietz> Complaining that mutation can make a SATISFIES type declaration no longer hold is the same as complaining that RPLACA can make a CONS type declaration no longer hold.
<phoe> pfdietz: thanks for a good analogy
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<jackdaniel> I can imagine satisfies predicate which tells if something has expired
<jackdaniel> (expiredp timestamp) ; with time it will change its result
<phoe> the way I understand it, SATISFIES can return arbitrary values on each call of the predicate
<jackdaniel> yes
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<phoe> so (defun foo (x) (= 1 (random 2))) is valid for (satisfies foo)
<jackdaniel> sure
<phoe> OK - so the ANSI-TEST SUBTYPEP.CONS.44 that I've written seems correct.
<pfdietz> I generate (SATISFIES EVAL) in some random tests of type propagation. Have to make sure the thing being checked is not a cons or symbol.
<phoe> uh wait a second, how is that even conf---
* phoe looks up the definitions
<phoe> SATISFY denotes the set of all objects that satisfy the predicate predicate-name, which must be a symbol whose global function definition is a one-argument predicate.
<phoe> predicate n. a function that returns a generalized boolean as its first value.
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<phoe> ...welcome to lisp, where every function is a predicate
<jdz> "Generalized boolean."
<phoe> yes
<jdz> Right.
<phoe> and everything is a generalized boolean
<phoe> except (values) which just gets coerced into NIL
<jackdaniel> not really, some functions may signal a condition
<jackdaniel> other accept no arguments
<phoe> jackdaniel: I mentioned a predicate, not a one-arg predicate up there (;
<jackdaniel> (error) ; is it a predicate?
<jackdaniel> ((lambda () (error)) ; how about this?
<Bike> zero argument predicate
<minion> Bike, memo from phoe: we screwed up. CLHS SATISFIES describes the type specifier as: "denotes the set of all objects that satisfy the predicate predicate-name, which must be a symbol whose global function definition is a one-argument predicate."
<minion> Bike, memo from phoe: OK, here is the first rough draft of my range-merging hack. https://plaster.tymoon.eu/view/1557#1557 Works on CCL, should work on SBCL with minor modifications.
<minion> Bike, memo from phoe: but a quick (defun foo (x) (declare (ignore x)) (= 1 (random 2))) and the same for foo2 bar bar2 fix that issue.
<phoe> there was some sorta predicate in Lisp that was allowed to signal conditions
<phoe> I remember that discussion
<Bike> i don't understand the screwup
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<pfdietz> ENDP?
<phoe> Bike: in our original discussion, we didn't define the predicate names for SATISFIES
<Bike> well, yeah, they're hardly relevant.
<phoe> pfdietz: right, that one
<jackdaniel> phoe: we work on a definition you've mentioned now, error never returns generalized boolean
<pfdietz> ENDP was always a strange duck
<phoe> jackdaniel: yes, you are correct in that case - a function can't return a genbool if it can't return
<Bike> if there's an implementation of subtypep that actually looks for function definitions i'd be surprised
<phoe> Bike: you are correct, but conformance is conformance
<phoe> I would actually be unsurprised if an implementation on high safety checked if these functions exist at typecheck-time and signaled errors if they didn't
<pfdietz> A def-type-predicate macro, that defines predicates for use in satisfies, but in way that allows the type system to reason about the definitions, could be useful.
<Bike> at type check time it needs to look up the function anyway...
<phoe> Bike: uh wait a second
<phoe> that's an undefined-function error anyway, right
<phoe> I meant at type-definition time
<Bike> that would be kind of nasty. you'd need to have functions defined in the compiler.
<phoe> oh well
<phoe> consequences are undefined anyway, so we can do what we're doing now.
<phoe> anyway, I'm munching on the CCL type system to see where I can inject my range-checking stuff.
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<phoe> and in case you're up for more fun, https://github.com/Clozure/ccl/issues/252 evolved into yet another edge case after your yesterday fix
<pfdietz> Another thing I'd like to see in CL is something like "if this function is called with arguments of types T1, T2, ... it returns something of type R."
<Bike> i read a paper on incorporating types like that once
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<phoe> pfdietz: so basically return type promises that depend on the input types
<pfdietz> I'm sure it's not an orginal idea.
<pfdietz> Yes.
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<jackdaniel> (defun* (xxx :returns nil) ((a integer) (b string)) nil)
<Bike> so you'd define the type of car as (generic (function (null) null) (function (cons) t)) or something
<phoe> you'd need the compiler to support that sorta thing so it can utilize that knowledge in its type inference engine
<pfdietz> Right. One might even have parameterization: when called on (CONS ?X T), return ?X.
<pfdietz> I would not be at all surprised if the scheme world did this somewhere.
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<Bike> the more stuff like this the more uncomputable type operations get. lips's starts out more uncomputable than most, but still
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<Bike> for example if you defined foo to have type (forall x (function (x) (cons t x))), then did (loop until (condition) do (setf x (foo x))), inferring the type of x afterward would be kind of a journey, and you'd probably need something to give up and pick cons
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<jackdaniel> ah, I knew I saw somewhere defun*
<jackdaniel> in a library defstar there is such a macro
<Bike> jackdaniel: i mean in this case the idea would be defining multiple input output relationships, since CL already lets you describe one relationship overall
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<jackdaniel> right
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<jackdaniel> regarding arg-types -> result-type I'm sure it would be possible to add something for non-standard generic functions, but that would be limited to classes -- imho a good thing
<jackdaniel> types are a horrible mess
<jackdaniel> s/types/arbitrary types/
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<Bike> well in this case it wouldn't have any semantic effect, just be information for the compiler to use
<trittweiler> There's define-api in named-readtables which expands to an ftype declaim for the functions exported from the package. (With a nicer syntax, in my opinion, because it takes the type signature separately instead of convoluting it into the parameter list.) The ftype declaration is nice because it lets sbcl often find type mismatched on compile-time.
<jackdaniel> but then you'd either need to check the resulting type anyway or trust it foolhardily (like with invalid declarations)
<Bike> yeah but that's true with any type declaration. this would just let you get more specific declarations, hopefully
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<pjb> ebrasca: optimizing compilers already transform (* 3 x x) into (let ((reg (* x x))) (+ reg reg reg)) !!!
<pjb> ebrasca: try it in sbcl, I wouldn't be surprised that both (* 3 x x) and (+ (* x x) (* x x) (* x x)) compile to the same thing.
<pjb> ebrasca: (or with gcc).
<jackdaniel> I think that gcc would have a problem with compiling (* 3 x x)
<pjb> not if you use linc to convert it into C code…
<jackdaniel> or if you hire a person to rewrite the code, in this spirit we could say that any compiler optimizes anything into whatever, because it may be rewritten by some tool or a person ,)
<jackdaniel> I wouldn't split that hair in four but some people do it a lot, so I thought I'll join the party
<pjb> Always fun to do it. Would have you known about linc if not?
<jackdaniel> am I benefacted by such knowledge or just burdened? (afk for a while)
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<jackdaniel> I don't think that quicklisp is a sane requirement for testing gcc optimizations (also ditto, "in this spirit we could…")
<pjb> jackdaniel: use the lisp REPL as a shell! No choice anyways, chsh /usr/local/bin/ccl has been done.
<jackdaniel> ^ completely fails as the argument for the thing discussed (a is b because c, but hey, you may z) - I had my share of entertainment, see you \o
<pjb> jackdaniel: I demonstrated that gcc has no problem compiling (* 3 x x) if you use linc as pre-processor!
<pjb> jackdaniel: and as the maintainer of ecl, you should be ashamed of your objection, since ecl compiles (* 3 x x) with gcc!!!
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<ebrasca> pjb: Why gcc?
<ebrasca> pjb: What is linc ?
<pjb> ebrasca: see the paste, it shows what linc is. linc is to C what linj is to Java.
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<PuercoPope> jasom: One of the main problems I've encountered with JSCL is that it needs 'run-time' support for mapping CL objects to the semantics of JS. You mentioned the numeric tower, bit-vectors also come to mind. Given that wasm can also export functions to the host (JS in the case of browsers), what do you think of using wasm to implement things like integer arithmetic and have JSCL rely on them?
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<reepca> Is there a way for initforms in DEFSTRUCT to refer to each other? For example, I've got a queue struct and it needs the tail to initially be the head, and the head to initially be a fresh cons cell
<Shinmera> you can use the :constructor and make the tail be &optional, referring to the head.
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<Bike> or &aux if you never want to initialize the tail separately, i think
<pjb> reepca: yes, use &aux, it's made for that.
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<jackdaniel> pjb: essentially what you say is falsehood, A + B = B; where A is not 0 (licn + gcc = gcc), so it doesn't, well, add up. when you take everything verbatim at least make your claims logical
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<pjb> jackdaniel: you would have to define formally + for things like linc and gcc…
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<LdBeth> GG
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<jasom> PuercoPope: that's fairly reasonable, as is having JSCL compile to an IR and have WASM interpret the IR.
<PuercoPope> jasom: The 'IR' (or would AST be more accurate) is fairly close to JS and depends on having its data-types. Don't think it would be easy to write a wasm interpreter for that
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<jasom> PuercoPope: fair enough
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