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04:55
<
linman16 >
is it possible to explicitly cast something in ocaml?
04:57
<
ggole >
Yes, (expr :> type)
04:57
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04:57
<
ggole >
Of course this is only allowed if expr is compatible with type.
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<
linman8 >
ggole: thanks. your a life saver :)
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05:09
<
linman8 >
Error: This expression has type int/1 but an expression was expected of type int/1284
05:09
<
linman8 >
^ what is that error mean?
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<
ggole >
Different type definitions with the same name
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08:35
<
flux >
soo, there is the github bindings in opam, has someone made a nice little command line tool that makes use of it?
08:39
<
flux >
the bindings themselves seem so big that I wonder if they in fact might be complete
08:40
<
flux >
buut it also depends on cmdliner, so does it infact come with some tool?-)
08:40
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08:42
<
flux >
it does, though its binaries are prefixed with git-*. I guess opam doesn't really know where packages install files, does it?
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<
Heiher >
How can I find the documentation about ocaml native compiler porting? thanks!
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<
freehck >
hello people. I have faced to the problem of ocamlmerlin again: my emacs does not see modules.
12:55
<
freehck >
I created file .merlin in the root of my project
12:55
<
freehck >
and have already set "S srs" option there.
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12:56
<
freehck >
But my Emacs react badly for lines "open Somemodule" even if somemodule is available in src directory.
12:57
<
freehck >
Could somebody help me / explain me how to debug this behaviour?
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<
freehck >
I think I must denote that the file src/somemodule.ml specifically exists.
12:58
<
reynir >
probably you want to use PKG too
13:00
<
freehck >
I afraid I don't fully understand what PKG option do.
13:00
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13:01
<
freehck >
I just want my emacs to know all the definitions I made in files in "src" directory. =/
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13:01
<
freehck >
I didn't define packages...
13:09
<
octachron >
freehck, you need to add a build directory
13:09
<
reynir >
Then maybe you need to specify B
13:09
<
freehck >
I specified "B _build/src"
13:10
<
freehck >
well, how can I impose merlin-mode to reload .merlin files?
13:10
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13:10
<
freehck >
That directory didn't exist when I started merlin-mode.
13:12
<
reynir >
maybe merlin-restart-process
13:13
<
freehck >
Thank you. I've already restarted the whole Emacs instance, and now everything works fine. :)
13:13
<
freehck >
Shall I run merlin-restart-process every time I add new file into my project?
13:14
<
ggole >
freehck: I think it's only necessary when you change .merlin
13:14
<
octachron >
freehck, (re)building the project should be enough
13:14
<
freehck >
Gotcha. Thanks.
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13:57
<
gpietro >
hi guys. I am learning ocaml I am reading Practical Ocaml. THere is a piece of code in this book:
http://paste.ubuntu.com/11966770/ I try to compile it but it keeps telling me syntax error
13:57
<
gpietro >
could you please tell me what the problem is?
13:58
<
thizanne >
gpietro: this is not ocaml code
13:58
<
thizanne >
this is for ocamllex
13:58
<
gpietro >
sorry i mean ocamllex
13:59
<
gpietro >
also the part in between { }
13:59
<
gpietro >
is ocaml code
13:59
<
gpietro >
but that's not where the problem is
13:59
<
thizanne >
it works on my machine (TM)
14:00
<
thizanne >
what is your ocaml version ?
14:00
<
gpietro >
sorry I am an idiot
14:00
<
gpietro >
it works on mine too
14:00
<
gpietro >
sorry for the wwaste of time
14:01
<
thizanne >
no problem, i'm glad it works
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<
gpietro >
it just says SYntax error :(
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15:00
<
octachron >
gpietro, you should remove ";" between the functions in the preambule
15:01
<
gpietro >
thanks octachron
15:01
<
gpietro >
i have some problems in understanding ';'
15:01
<
gpietro >
can u please give ma n hint?
15:01
<
gpietro >
it's like concatenation of statemnents right?
15:01
<
octachron >
";" is not a terminator in ocaml; it is more an operator
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<
gpietro >
yeah so it takes two statements (with side effects...) and executes one after the other right?
15:02
<
gpietro >
why wsa it creating problems there?
15:03
<
octachron >
more something like a ; b → ignore a and return b
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15:04
<
gpietro >
but still it executes a
15:04
<
octachron >
because "let a = print_string "hello"; let s = "world" in print_string s" is valid
15:04
<
gpietro >
if a is a side effects instruciton
15:05
<
octachron >
yes, ocaml is eager by default
15:05
<
octachron >
so if you write "do_something () ; a", "do_something ()" is evaluated
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15:09
<
gpietro >
ok octachron thanks
15:09
<
gpietro >
so in the code it was creating problems because ; was expecting something later...which was missing
15:09
<
octachron >
another point, there is no separation between expression and statement in Ocaml. So do_something() could return any type
15:09
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<
octachron >
gpietro,yes. After the first ";", the compiler was reading the "let substract" as a local binding: " let substract ..= ... in"
15:17
<
gpietro >
thanks octachron
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21:35
<
linman8 >
how does one force a type over a group of polymorphic functions?
21:43
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21:46
<
Drup >
linman8: just annotate
21:50
<
linman8 >
Drup: this works too and i used it. but do you know of any alternative methods?
21:51
<
Drup >
I need an example
21:53
<
Denommus >
linman8: ewww
21:54
<
linman8 >
why eww, Denommus?
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21:54
<
Denommus >
linman8: that's not a thing that classes solve, that's just value restriction in action
21:54
<
Drup >
yeah, I'm not sure to see what is "solved" here
21:56
<
Denommus >
linman8: you could exploit value restriction to do what you want, btw
21:56
<
linman8 >
hmm. well, it is for a programming job question. they want to see an interface so it doesn't use explicit casting
21:56
<
linman8 >
how is that, Denommus?
21:57
<
Drup >
linman8: you still didn't told what is your concrete problem and why/where you would need explicit casting in this problem ...
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21:57
<
Denommus >
linman8: let foo = ref [];; (* val foo: '_a list ref
*) foo := [1] (* val foo: int list ref *)
22:00
<
linman8 >
let bloomFilter = BloomFilter.create 10 0.5;;
22:00
<
linman8 >
this creates type of: 'a BloomFilter.bloomFilterT
22:01
<
linman8 >
but would like to see, for example: int BloomFilter.bloomFilterT
22:01
<
Drup >
why do you want that ?
22:02
<
linman8 >
for job related, programming question.. to get job, need to solve their problem :)
22:02
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Denommus >
linman8: why don't you have a separate mli file instead of putting annotations everywhere?
22:03
<
linman8 >
Denommus: interesting. never thought of it like that
22:03
<
linman8 >
Denommus: came from a different language, so didn't think that way
22:03
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Drup >
linman8: just put an annotation, really
22:04
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Denommus >
linman8: also, OCaml has type inference, so lots of those annotations aren't even needed
22:04
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Drup >
In this case, the 'a doesn't mean anything, the type restriction is completely useless
22:05
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linman8 >
let bloomFilter = (BloomFilter.create 10 0.5 :> (string, int BloomFilter.bloomFilterT) either);;
22:05
<
linman8 >
Drup: see line above ^
22:05
<
Drup >
You don't need ":>"
22:05
<
Drup >
":" is enough
22:05
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Drup >
It's not a coercion
22:05
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linman8 >
Drup: it solves it because the type returned is an int instead of an 'a
22:06
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linman8 >
Drup: that works, thanks
22:06
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22:06
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Drup >
linman8: The thing I'm hinting at, apparently not clearly enough, is that the problem is pointless because the type variable in this interface is pointless ...
22:07
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Denommus >
Drup: maybe whoever created this was thinking about phantom types
22:08
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linman8 >
Drup: insert is polymorphic, so it is possible to put in "string" and "int". that is not acceptable!
22:08
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linman8 >
Drup: i mean in same bloomFilterT data. it should be either string based only, or int based only, etc.
22:09
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Denommus >
linman8: insert has type 'a bloomFilterT -> 'a -> unit
22:09
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Drup >
linman8: except insert doesn't do anything.
22:09
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linman8 >
it's mutable. it is changing the bloomFilterT
22:09
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Denommus >
linman8: it's completely impossible to insert a string in a int bloomFilterT because of that. Both type must be equal because the type variables are equal
22:10
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Drup >
linman8: ok, look carefully at the type "bloomfilterT"
22:10
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Drup >
do you see, anywhere
*inside* the type, a variable 'a ?
22:10
<
Drup >
(oh, btw, bloomfilterT is not mutable)
22:10
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linman8 >
Denommus: yes, i added that to fix the problem
22:11
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linman8 >
Denommus: but, to qoute from them on the updated code with the type parameter:
22:11
<
linman8 >
"It is possible to define interface so that it doesn't require explicit casting from the user to achieve same effect."
22:12
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Drup >
anyway, if I may, except if you have explicit authorization, you probably shouldn't upload the code that they give you.
22:12
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linman8 >
Drup: that is my code
22:13
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linman8 >
if bloomFilterT didn't have the 'a, then insert would look like: bloomFilterT -> 'a -> unit
22:13
<
linman8 >
so the 'a is important, or one could insert any type into the bloomfilter
22:14
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Drup >
linman8: I mean inside the definition of the record, not the type variables ...
22:14
<
linman8 >
Drup: yeah, it doesn't need it though i think
22:15
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22:15
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linman8 >
Denommus: do you have any suggestions? need to "define interface so .. type casting is not needed to acheive same effect"
22:16
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Drup >
(note: I probably don't understand the point of your interface, because for me, those function don't make sense at all)
22:17
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linman8 >
Drup: bloomFilterT is mutable haha. how can i prove it to you? i see the data change in the repl
22:17
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Drup >
linman8: BitSet is, bloomfilterT isn't.
22:18
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linman8 >
Drup: sure,
22:18
<
linman8 >
that is what we want to change
22:20
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Denommus >
Drup: the value of type 'a is being hashed before modifying the bitset that's inside the bloomFilterT
22:20
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Denommus >
Drup: that's why you don't see 'a in bloomFilterT
22:20
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Drup >
Denommus: but why would you restrain the 'a then
22:20
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Drup >
it will work just fine with any 'a
22:20
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Denommus >
Drup: maybe that's the problem they want him to solve
22:20
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Drup >
specializing is completely useless here
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22:21
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linman8 >
Denommus, Drup: yes. originally that is how i solved it! but they want to restrain 'a
22:21
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Drup >
I still don't understand the problem
22:21
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Drup >
but the solution is easy
22:22
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Drup >
Make the datatype abstract (through the .mli) and create a function "create : unit -> 'a bloomFilterT"
22:23
<
Drup >
and read up on value restriction
22:23
<
Drup >
(there is a section about it on RWO)
22:23
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Denommus >
Drup: so, effectively, using shadow types? :P
22:23
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Denommus >
phantom types
22:23
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Denommus >
why do I always call them shadow types?
22:23
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Drup >
Denommus: 'a is phantom anyway, since it's usesless :p
22:24
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Denommus >
Drup: it's phantom but can't possibly be enforced
22:24
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Drup >
Denommus: sure it can, just expose it non covariant
22:25
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Denommus >
Drup: no, I mean, the way the code is structured RIGHT NOW there's no enforcement
22:25
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Denommus >
Drup: I guess they want him to enforce the phantom types
22:25
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Denommus >
Drup: so you can't hash a int in a string bloomFilterT
22:26
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Drup >
Yeah, I got it
22:26
<
Drup >
(still not seeing a point of the constraint, though :D)
22:26
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Denommus >
Drup: maybe there's a use for it in some specific machine we don't know. I dunno.
22:27
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Denommus >
linman8: nevertheless, that's what you need: phantom types
22:27
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linman8 >
Denommus, Drup: this is great! thanks for helping out! would have probably done OOP approach or some crap like that haha. thanks
22:29
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22:32
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Denommus >
linman8: yeah, OOP in OCaml is hardly ever needed
22:32
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Denommus >
linman8: anyway, you can even make the shadow type in a functor for it to be parameterized
22:32
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Drup >
that's .. really overkill here
22:33
<
Drup >
(and that wouldn't be a phantom type anymore, just a functor)
22:34
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Denommus >
Drup: it's still a phantom type because the type in question is not really relevant internally
22:35
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Denommus >
Drup: just happens that the phantom type is "filled" by a functor
22:35
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Drup >
you can just remove the type variable in this case
22:36
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Denommus >
Drup: ah
22:36
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Denommus >
Drup: hurr, you're right
22:37
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Denommus >
linman8: that would be even a simpler approach, in fact
22:37
<
Drup >
not really, no
22:37
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Denommus >
Drup: it wouldn't involve shadow types
22:37
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Drup >
phantom type is just fine
22:38
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Denommus >
well, whatever makes him happy
22:39
<
Denommus >
but now that you mentioned that the bloomFilterT could be just an abstract type and 'a be a parameterized type in a functor everything seems simpler to me
22:39
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22:39
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linman8 >
wait, so there is: 1)phantom 2) functor
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22:43
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linman8 >
Denommus Drup: what is this last approach? type variable, then what?
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22:45
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linman8 >
* remove type variable, then...
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22:50
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Denommus >
linman8: you put everything inside a functor that accepts a module with a type "a"
22:50
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Denommus >
linman8: replace the 'a by a everywhere
22:50
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Denommus >
linman8: but remove it form bloomFilterT
22:51
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Denommus >
linman8: and bloomFilterT should be an abstract type in the functor's signature
22:51
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22:58
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Denommus >
linman8: with a respective mli, of course
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23:20
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linman8 >
Denommus: thanks. will check out after break
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