wumpus changed the topic of #bitcoin-wizards to: This channel is is for discussing theoretical ideas with regard to cryptocurrencies, not about short-term Bitcoin development | http://bitcoin.ninja/ | This channel is logged. | For logs and more information, visit http://bitcoin.ninja
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<kanzure>
frankenmint: unit tests are test cases that isolate very specific chunks of code, without requiring outside libraries or network connectivity etc
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<Taek>
frankenmint: the best lessons I learned about programming generally came from people doing stubborn code reviews
<Taek>
but also lots of value from reading "premium" code
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<morphiscreator>
So I've heard that the NSA pays GMaxWell to act so homosexual and moronic, in order to disrupt the dev community.
<morphiscreator>
we should ban him before it hurts bitcoin even more
<morphiscreator>
it might be hard with fanboys like apocalyptic with their tongue up his ass
<fluffypony>
VanillaCoin (some altcoin) keeps the mempool in sync across peers
<fluffypony>
because that's completely feasible and devoid of problems
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<jcorgan>
there are many lols in the bct ann for that
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<lmatteis>
do you guys think bitcoin would've been possible say 20 years ago? my guess is no because computing power was more centralized than it is nowadays. if that's the case, decentralized consensus could be more of an economical-social-cultural outcome, where specific things, such as cheap computing, are available to anyone
<thesnark>
lmatteis, cheap computing definitely has and is changing humanity forever. Bitcoin would have been very possible 20 years ago, but not as attractive because fewer people were connected to the net
<CodeShark>
bandwidth and storage requirements would have severely restricted bitcoin's size 20 years ago (even setting aside other things like crypto developments and patent expirations...and importantly, crypto export issues)
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<lmatteis>
right but my point is more on the idea that decentralized consensus could be a temporary solution that works only when socio-economical factors are in place to allow it
<thesnark>
lmatteis, ah that is probably true
<CodeShark>
ideally, the economic factors would be taken into account in the protocols of the network
<CodeShark>
to reinforce decentralization
<CodeShark>
for instance, I think division of labor is critical
<lmatteis>
right, but underneath it all the main factor is computing power. if that's not available in a free market, decentralization could be at risk
<thesnark>
lmatteis, yes definitely!
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<thesnark>
lmatteis, actually open source IC production is a really important concept that maybe deserves more attention and work
<CodeShark>
yes, that's a good point. thing is IC production has huge barriers to entry
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<lmatteis>
IC?
<thesnark>
integrated circuit
<CodeShark>
at least, not everyone can set up clean rooms and wafer doping equipment and all that
<CodeShark>
or whatever the industry lingo for it is - I'm a software guy :p
<thesnark>
CodeShark, It's not as inaccessible as you'd think
<CodeShark>
well, you can always outsource production of an IC design
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<CodeShark>
but you still need to do relatively large volume for it to be economical, no?
<thesnark>
No, you can produce a couple of individual ICs for not too much money
<thesnark>
not too much money is about $30k
<thesnark>
at the moment
<thesnark>
and if you only make a single chip and you know what you're doing, maybe as low as 5-7k
<lmatteis>
also, hashing power is scalable. meaning that 1000 "home made" ICs could win over any single regime that wants to overpower the network
<thesnark>
lmatteis, that attack will always be possible. for example the Feds could have wrecked bitcoin early by manufacturing a bunch of ICs with that delicious fed money
<thesnark>
$100M is nothing to some orgs
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<CodeShark>
once we have programmable nanoassemblers we can open source all hardware production :p
<CodeShark>
reduce factories to essentially printers :p
<thesnark>
but if you hear what lmatteis is saying, the control over the research and production of nanotech is essential for that future to exist - and currently it wouldn't be too hard to squash it
<thesnark>
if you just focus on the right tech, I mean
<lmatteis>
do you guys mind the fact that hashing uses lots of energy? i know "wasting energy" is sort of an intrinsic property of decentralized consensus though
<CodeShark>
I'd have to look over the statistics to have a strong opinion
<thesnark>
lmatteis, any reasonable person should be concerned with the energy involved. lots of people will tell you that more efficient mining will solve that problem but I don't know
<CodeShark>
but isn't energy cost the ultimate intrinsic cost?
<thesnark>
lmatteis, ultimately it might not be a problem for bitcoin - in other words, alt energy development is also essential
<lmatteis>
but that's sort of what makes it work in the first place. it must cost something or else anybody could simulate it
<CodeShark>
assuming IC production was widely accessible, etc...the bottleneck would be energy availability
<thesnark>
CodeShark or raw capital/buying power becomes the bottleneck
<thesnark>
I don't think we're even remotely close to approaching infinite energy though
<thesnark>
I don't see it being a problem even with good alt energy
<CodeShark>
assuming efficient flow of the means of production, mining tends towards breaking even...the only way to profitably mine, it seems, is to have early access to a better technolofy
<CodeShark>
*technology
<thesnark>
yes definitely CodeShark
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<CodeShark>
molecular nanobots and nuclear fusion :p
<lmatteis>
or just mining rigs hanging near the sun :)
<fluffypony>
lmatteis: I think cryptography / security is inherently an arms race
<fluffypony>
I remember a few years back I setup infrastructure for a startup, and their acid test was 1000 simultaneous users
<fluffypony>
but the trap was SSL, handshaking SSL connections is expensive
<fluffypony>
you can get around this by allowing RC4, but since I knew RC4 was just about broken I advised them to drop RC4 support
<fluffypony>
which meant spending more money on the processing capability of the webapp servers, and they had to support AES-NI
<fluffypony>
but in hindsight that was better, since now SSLv3 is dead, as is RC4, and yet they're still on the same infrastructure (just scaled up)
<thesnark>
+1 fluffypony
<fluffypony>
so protecting the users ended up having a very real cost, and Bitcoin's mining network has a very real cost, but it's a tradeoff we're willing to make for security's sake
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<lmatteis>
do you think "work" and wasting energy is an inherent property to reach consensus in a trustless/decentralized way?
<lmatteis>
or is that sort of an assumption we make because that's the best we could find today?
<fluffypony>
it's not as simple as saying that "wasting energy" is inherent
<thesnark>
lmatteis, there will always be unknown possibilities, but IMO yes. I'm not sure it's "wasting" energy
<fluffypony>
every piece of "work" done by honest members of the network represents a piece of work that an attacker has to counter
<lmatteis>
fluffypony: indeed
<fluffypony>
the problem with all these other systems (proof of storage, proof of waffles, proof of whatever) is that they are often hard to measure, easy to game
<fluffypony>
crunching numbers is the simplest thing we can find that is easy to measure and hard to game
<lmatteis>
which goes hand-in-hand with energy consumption
<fluffypony>
yes
<fluffypony>
which is why I'm quite intrigued by some of the guys playing around with other things, like making the work "hard disk activity" instead of crunching numbers
<fluffypony>
although I think anything replacing PoW is a ways away
<lmatteis>
ah like proof of space?
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<fluffypony>
yup
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<lmatteis>
it is unclear how to stop one from re-purposing their storage space for proving, and therefore simulating, that a very large amount of data was stored
<fluffypony>
yeah and therein lies the problem - viability needs to be proven, which requires research, thinking, and time
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<CodeShark>
doesn't seem anyone's found a way to do proof-of-anything-other-than-work that does not require things like checkpoints
<fluffypony>
CodeShark: yup
<fluffypony>
although we should definitely add a "yet" to that, as it's entirely possible someone cracks that problem
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<CodeShark>
there's probably some theoretical physical constraint to how much granularity to well-ordering consensus the universe allows...some sort of uncertainty principle
<lmatteis>
after all the proof that is needed for consensus is that it is harder to achieve by a single entity then the network combined. energy consumption does have that property, but perhaps there're dozen of other ways. obviously i'm just speculating... could be that energy is sort of a universal constant :)
<CodeShark>
it would be interesting to try to construct an argument that is independent of technology
<CodeShark>
just based on things like signal propagation speed and entropy
<CodeShark>
in principle, reversible computation doesn't produce entropy
<CodeShark>
but in practice it seems impossible to achieve that
<CodeShark>
the catch is that we have to measure the state repeatedly..."cool it" into specific energy states
<CodeShark>
so there's necessarily some heat exchange, it seems like
<lmatteis>
but see, it doesn't necessarily have to be hard to compute. it could have totally other different properties we cannot phantom about
<lmatteis>
but again, just speculating cuz i have no idea what it could look like :)
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<lmatteis>
but i'm sure that if it exists, it would look obvious in hindsight, quite non-obvious in foresight
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<fluffypony>
gtest is a nice testing framework, we use it for the Monero tests
<frankenmint>
how would I do this properly? Do I make a fork of BTC and apply my changes then submit pull requests with my proper tests included onto the other pull requests to determine pass/failing statuses?
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<fluffypony>
yes
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<bramc>
An interesting thing about transactions fees: If you're optimizing for cheapness of transactions, that implies a very specific and possibly not very privacy friendly spending policy
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<bramc>
Of course, it isn't clear that any coin combining policy is particularly better or worse than any other from a privacy standpoint. They all seem to suck.
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<fluffypony>
hrm, I think whoever is administering the mailing list just woke up :-P
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<gmaxwell>
bramc: I'm not sure if you mean low fees over all, vs lowest fee for _this_ transaction? They result in pretty different behavior.
<kanzure>
the optimal privacy situation is the one where nobody spends
<kanzure>
so high fees should tend to do that :-)
<helo>
any situation where everyone spends equally?
<kanzure>
not everyone has a reason to make transactions
<nsh>
bramc, do you have up-to-date notes somewhere?
<bramc>
gmaxwell, Lower fees over time for the one wallet. The best algorithm is to spend the smallest utxo larger than the desired output. If no single local utxo is big enough, use the two largest, and if that isn't big enough add the third, etc.
<bramc>
nsh, working on it. My current post is very high level, although a surprising amount of basic stuff hasn't hit the general discourse.
* nsh
nods
<kanzure>
"current post" is posted?
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<leakypat>
bramc: although the fee market dynamic changes this a bit, if fees are low, a good time to consolidate dust
<bramc>
kanzure, Not posted yet, working on it.
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<bramc>
leakypat, The problem is that consolidation takes the same amount in fees regardless of whether it's done sooner or later, because adding an input is the same increase in transaction size. The idea is that you want to reduce dust *creation* as much as possible
<bramc>
Come to think of it, maybe overshooting by as little as possible is a better bet
<bramc>
Here's a thought: To find how well consolidated a wallet is, take the square root of the sum of the squares of all the utxo sizes. Divide that into the sum of the utxo sizes. The closer that is to 1 the better.
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<gmaxwell>
Bitcoin Core's behavior tries to minimize change, but this is not ideal because it results in change which is small enough to be not very useful. (e.g. will never be an exact value that you needed).
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<bramc>
gmaxwell, The technique I said is trying to minimize the number of utxos, on the assumption that every generated utxo is going to be another fee you pay for consolidation
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<bramc>
Okay, running numbers on an objective measure you mostly want to overshoot by as little as possible. The main difference with current algorithms is that it's trying to minimize the number of utxos which go in
<bramc>
Although maybe even that isn't a good idea. Maybe simply measuring square root of sum of squares is the best approach.
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<bramc>
hmm, it's called root mean square
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<bramc>
The question is, do you assume all dust must be consolidated eventually, so you might as well proactively consolidate it now?
<bramc>
Or is there reasonable hope that some dust will get so small that you can just forget about it?
<bramc>
The *really* simple algorithm is that you take every one of your utxos and put it into every transaction
<bramc>
Then you only have one utxo after every spend
<gmaxwell>
I think that does not minimize fees. Imagine you did that except in one case you had a utxo that was the exact amount you needed to spend, so you spent it without creating change in that transaction. I believe thats strictly smaller.
<bramc>
Right, but how likely is that?
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<kanzure>
i wonder what the cost would have to be per transaction to make it worthwhile to just pay more for a trinket
<gmaxwell>
bramc: you can choose your change sizes to make it more likely.
<gmaxwell>
I wasn't trying to say it was the common case (though it certantly happens) ... just pointing out that the example you gave couldn't be a completely optimal behavior.
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